The exact impact of identity theft in history is largely unknown due to the lack of early reporting agencies and technology. We do know that the crime of identity theft has existed throughout the ages. The known cases have survived history usually because of their ludicrous nature, or involvement of important personages.A look at Biblical times gives tales of many men, such as Simon Magus, Alexander of Abonoteichos or Theudas claiming divinity. This is confirmed by the numerous warnings of "false gods" and "false prophets" throughout the Bible. If you're going to steal an identity, why not go for the top and claim to be God?
Another ambitious soul in the Middle Ages claimed to be Christ as he gathered followers until an appointee of Bishop Aurelius murdered him. Christ has had reported cases of identity theft to this day, quite possibly making his the most stolen identity in all of history.
Around the year 1392, a Franciscan Friar, James of Julich was boiled alive after falsely claiming to be a bishop and ordaining countless priests.
Identity theft has not isolated itself to the church. Following the sudden death of Roman Emperor Frederick Barbossa in 1190, many pseudo-Fredericks rose to the occasion. In 1225, many men claimed the identity of Baldwin of Antioch upon his death. The lack of media and technology, aided in attempts at identity theft of the rich and powerful.
History provides many examples of imposters taking advantage of missing people of wealth and position. Following the Bolshevik's execution of the Russian Tsar Nicolas II and his family, countless young women attempted claims on the identity of the Grand Duchess Anastasia. In colonial Virginia, Sarah Wilson, an indentured servant, convinced people that she was Susanna Caroline Matilda, sister of Queen Charlotte, which would make her sister-in-law to the King of England, King George III. Her elaborate attempt at identity theft ended when her master captured and returned her to a life of servitude.
The crime of identity theft is as old as history. It is a crime that did not need technology to succeed, but at the time thrived on the lack of it. Identity theft has always been a stepping-stone to other crimes, usually related to wealth and / or power.
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